The Seriousness Of Rape And The Crime Itself - 1694 Words

The Seriousness of Rape Keiser University Victimology Adriana Braxton 2/21/2017 In this paper I will be able to tell you about rape and the crime itself. I will explain who the victims of this crime are, how prevalent is this crime, what are the causes of this crime, in what ways do victims contribute to the crime, methods of prevention, resources available to assist victims of this crime, and my option of any needed changes in resources, laws, and sentencing related to this crime. There are many different types of rape. Rape is a violent crime involving sexual acts forced on one person by another. Rape is technically defined as forced penetration, this includes with any body part or object, including anal, vaginal or oral†¦show more content†¦79.6% of female victims who have experienced one or more completed rape experienced the first rape before the age of 25; 42.2% were under 18 at the time of the first completed rape (Sexual Assault Statistics, 2017).† These are just statistics and numbers gathered from incidents that have actually been reported, there are plenty people, not only in the state of Florida, who do not want to report the crime. There are many different reasons as to why people wouldn’t want to report such a crime. The most common reason is because they know the person who raped them, rather that person be a friend, uncle, doctor, and or teacher. As said before, many of these victims know their rapist but also they cannot h elp but wonder what brought this type of behavior on? Many people today say the way a woman dresses can be a huge factor on why she got raped or sexually assaulted; others say that getting drunk puts woman or men at risk and can result in that drunk person consenting to sex but not really meaning it due to the fact that they are not in the right frame of mind (Burgess, A.W., Regehr, C., Roberts, A.R. 2013). Therefore, someone can easily take advantage of the situation and you. But for many rapists those are just excuses to get what they want, rape for them is not just about sex but control and power over someone, they need that power to feel good about themselves. A study actually show that most men who do commit rape areShow MoreRelatedCriminal Law, Questions and Answers 1284 Words   |  5 Pages1 Introduction Restorative justice as a whole is not gaining support in South Africa as the majority of our country is in favour of the punitive system in order to combat the high levels of crime. However, there are several areas of criminal law that has received increasing support for restorative justice as opposed to our current system, such as when dealing with youth offenders. Despite the harsh criticism of restorative justice, it has received judicial recognition in a number of cases recentlyRead MoreViolence Against Women s Violence872 Words   |  4 Pagesour lives. According to the Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI), it is estimated that 84,376 forcible rapes were reported to law enforcement in 2012, estimated at 52.9 per 100,000 female inhabitants (Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR], 2013). However, these rape statistics are actually much greater, due to the fact that many women do not report their rape and/or the violence and assault itself. Thirty years ago, most forms of violence again st women were hidden under a cloak of silence or acceptanceRead More Use of the Mock-epic Style in The Rape of the Lock Essay979 Words   |  4 PagesUse of the Mock-epic Style in The Rape of the Lock The triumph of the Barons rape is in exactly the same high language as it would be if he were Hector. In The Rape of the Lock, Pope uses the mock-epic style to satirise the seriousness with which a trivial misdemeanour (the theft of a few strands of hair) and the ways of gender polarised society can be blown beyond all sense of proportion. Thus the male mentality, through the Baron, is portrayed as lacking depth or personality beyondRead MoreThe Deterrent Of The Punishment972 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Research to date generally indicates that increases in the certainty of punishment, as opposed to the severity of punishment, are more likely to produce deterrent benefits† (Wright, 1). The seriousness of the penalty should prompt the possible offenders to think twice or weigh their options prior to carrying out a crime. Half of State inmates and a third of Federal prisoners reported committing their current offense under the influence of alcohol or drugs (Mumola). This works against the deterrence theoryRead MoreFicial Version Of The Law Is Not A True Reflection Of Its Meaning1600 Words   |  7 PagesThe official version of the law is the basis on which the law prides itself to be. It claims to be neutral, having no prejudice against race, sex, gender, or any other distinguishing characteristics. The law comp ares itself to a blindfolded woman as historically women who have been seen as virgins who are pure, uninfluenced, and have no biases. The official version of the law is bound by one rule and that is everyone is subjected to the law and will be treated equally under it. Stare Decisis, aRead MoreThe Black Hearts, By Jim Frederick1465 Words   |  6 Pagesa catastrophic collapse in leadership that led to one of the most infamous war crimes in U.S Army history. Many things lead up to the gang-rape of 14-year-old Abeer Qassim Hamza al-Janabi and the murder of her and her family, but all could have been avoided. Sergeant Cortez, Specialist Baker, Private First Class Howard, and Private First Class Green, the perpetrators of this crime, failed to uphold the Army values and act in a way along any kind of ethical linesRead MoreThe Abolition Of The Death Penalty1552 Words   |  7 Pages257 fatalities and 717 wounded. The death penalty is used as a form of punishment in the eastern hemisphere for many crimes, such as espionage, terrorism, and first-degree murder. China holds the record for the largest amount of executions; the number remains largely disputed as death penalties are considered â€Å"state secret.† In some Middle Eastern countries crimes such as rape, adultery and theft also carry a death sentence. Canada is no stranger to capital punishments either. The first recordedRead MoreAsses the Relationship Between Media and Crime1167 Words   |  5 PagesTHE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE MEDIA AND CRIME ? The media holds a great deal of power in the portrayal of crime within a society; they have the authoritarian right to manipulate events of crime from their perspectives which is illustrated frequently as being reality without a definite underlying cause, therefore inevitably they influence the publics perspective towards crime and current the social order, the main relationship between the media and the crime is the effect it has towards the membersRead MoreShould The Drug Offenders Be Treated?1507 Words   |  7 Pagesout of all these statistics is the fact that more that half of the incarcerated inmates are drug offenders. The idea of the â€Å"War on Drugs† may have been great at first but has it backfired on us? Has it made things worst for our country? The idea in itself is great, to have a better nation free of drugs and violence, however it seems like the numbers in prison shows otherwise that the war on drugs have yet to bear fruit in our society. According to Bureau of Justice Statistics between 1978 and 2009Read MoreSexual Assaults On Campus Campuses1198 Words   |  5 Pagescurrent statistics are that 9% of campuses report that rapes have happened on campus and the other 91% state that there has never been a rape on or around campus.Those estimated numbers seem hard to believe. Especially with cases such as the victim of the Stanford Rapist Brock Turner . After a year of practically living in hell. Turner’s victim had to face him in court on trial. Turner and his defendant team tried to minimize the seriousness of the situation by stating that the accused and the victim

Analysis Of Mary Fisher Speech Whisper Of Aids

My name is Cindy Laguerre and today I would like to write on Mary Fisher speech titled â€Å"Whisper of AIDS†. First I would like to give brief background information on Mary Fisher. Known as an artist, author, advocate, and founder of family AIDS network. As an AIDS patient herself while working for the Republican Party, she delivered her speech in 1992 in front of the whole nation. During that same year, she funded the family AIDS network. Throughout the years, she was committed to work with AIDS patience in Africa and continued to be the voice of those with AIDS. Given that Mary was also an artist, she would make jewelry for those individuals in parts of Africa such as Zimbabwe, Rwanda, to help funds with AIDS research. Mary fisher speech was focused on the facts about HIV/AIDS. HIV/AIDS has been around from many years starting from the years 1981. In the months in the year 1981, young gay men were being diagnosed with Kaposis sarcoma, which is a rare form of cancer, and pneumocystis carinii, which is a rare form of lung infection. Although a name was not known for this virus that was infected by many, those who were gay were stereotyped and thought to be the only ones able to contract this disease till others started getting infected that weren’t gay nor male. Those with AIDS were treated like animals and looked down at. One example I read of this is of a couple who was evicted by there landlord because they were gay and when they contact the social service employers,Show MoreRelatedMary Fisher: the Struggle to Inform1223 Words   |  5 PagesMary Fisher: The Struggle to Inform Demetris Vance ITT Technical Institute (Online Division) â€Å"A life lived in fear, Is a life half lived.† (Slaughter, 2010) AIDS is a worldwide epidemic that has affected and is affecting millions of people. Even though it was not discovered until 1982 many stereotypes have come along with it. Mary Fisher is an AIDS community member and is not afraid to stand up and say so. Defending and helping those with HIV/AIDS and helping them spread the word instead ofRead MoreA Whisper Of Aids, By Mary Fisher1774 Words   |  8 Pages Introduction Mary Fisher, an American political activist, author, and artist, has survived a fatal disease, and who lives to support those who suffer the mutual virus known as H.I.V. or Human Immunodeficiency Virus. She spreads awareness of the outbreak through the use of speeches, campaigns, and volunteer opportunities. Her most famous speech, which defined her as a political icon, was titled â€Å"A Whisper of AIDS†. The speech was delivered at the Republican National Convention, on August 19, 1992Read MoreRhetorical Analysis Of A Whisper Of Aids1261 Words   |  6 PagesRhetorical Analysis of Mary Fisher’s â€Å"A Whisper of AIDS† In 1992, Mary Fisher gave her speech to the Republican National Convention. During the period of the early 90s, people were aware of AIDS but had a negative viewpoint about the affected by it. The virus was discovered in the early 1980s, it is transmitted through blood and sexual fluids and the first affected populations were, inevitably, both the homosexual and drug addicted people. Because of the recent discovery and the induced panic amongRead MoreEssay #2 Analysis of A Whisper of AIDS2880 Words   |  12 Pages Analysis of A Whisper of AIDS speech On August 19, 1992, during the Republican National Convention in Houston, Texas, Mary Fisher, a 44 year old HIV positive mother of two kids and a rich Republican, delivered a moving speech to bring awareness to the American public about the stigma and danger of HIV and AIDS in the 90’s. In 1992, millions of Americans were infected, and many of these people were ashamed to publicly speak up for themselves. Fisher knew that in order to change federal policiesRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of President Kennedy s Inaugural Speech2018 Words   |  9 Pagesdetermining what rhetorical features J.F Kennedy displays in his inaugural speech to convey his message. My primary is to analyse and conclude: †¢ The types of rhetoric J.F Kennedy uses and the main reason behind their use However, I will also look into the following areas: †¢ How the use of certain rhetorical devices changes the tone of the speech. †¢ How often Kennedy uses persuasive techniques during his inaugural speech. †¢ Which persuasive techniques are most often utilised and applied. MethodologyRead MoreArt of Public Speaking5805 Words   |  24 Pagesall major aspects of speech preparation and presentation. Throughout The Art of Public Speaking I have followed David Hume’s advice that one â€Å"who would teach eloquence must do it chiefly by examples.† Whenever possible, I have tried to show the principles of public speaking in action in addition to describing them. Thus you will find in the book a large number of narratives and extracts from speeches--set off from the text in a contrasting typeface. There are also many speech outlines and sampleRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesLine 58 Understanding and Appreciating Individual Differences Important Areas of Self-Awareness 61 Emotional Intelligence 62 Values 65 Ethical Decision Making and Values 72 Cognitive Style 74 Attitudes Toward Change 76 Core Self-Evaluation 79 SKILL ANALYSIS 84 Cases Involving Self-Awareness 84 Communist Prison Camp 84 Computerized Exam 85 Decision Dilemmas 86 SKILL PRACTICE 89 Exercises for Improving Self-Awareness Through Self-Disclosure 89 Through the Looking Glass 89 Diagnosing Managerial CharacteristicsRead MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 PagesThe LIS Education and Human Resource Utilization Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213 The Organizational Framework for Staffing . . . . . . . . . 216 Job Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219 Job Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220 Job Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222 Recruitment and Hiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224 Filling Vacant Positions

Technology Education and National Development Free Essays

string(204) " The Cambridge International Dictionary of English \(1996, pg 377\) defines development as growing or becoming more advanced or a recent important event which is the latest in a series of related events\." TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION AND NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT: THE PLACE OF INFRASTRUCTURE BY SUBAIR, S. TAYO AND ASHIRU, AL-MAHROOF. OLASEEWO DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION FACULTY OF EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF LAGOS AKOKA – LAGOS BEING A PAPER PRESENTED AT THE NIGERIAN ASSOCIATION FOR EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND PLANNING (NAEAP) INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE VENUE:JULIUS BERGER AUDITORIUM UNIVERSITY OF LAGOS DATE:24TH – 27TH SEPTEMBER 2007 Abstract Technology education has been defined as a continuous process of special education and training imparted in individuals for them to achieve socio-economic independence. We will write a custom essay sample on Technology Education and National Development or any similar topic only for you Order Now One major essence of technology education is self-sustenance and social development. This paper takes a cursory look at the factors germane to functional technology education and its implications for national development, by examining the concepts of technology education, national development, infrastructure and goals of technology education. The paper goes further to asses the development status of Nigeria, the relevant of infrastructure in the provision of viable technology education and some areas along policies, practices, attitudes, and sensitization of the public towards imbibing technology education that can foster national development. Introduction The basis of Nigeria’s philosophy of education is the integration of the individual into a sound and effective citizen, such a philosophy as articulated in the National Policy on Education (Federal Republic of Nigeria, 2004). The goal of national development is hardly realizable without technology, which serves as a vehicle for the acquisition of appropriate knowledge, skills, abilities and competencies of both mental and physical nature. This is equipment for the individual to live in his society, and to acquire a relevant and balanced knowledge of facts about local and world phenomena. The etymology of technology is from Greek word ‘tekhne’, which refers to an art or craft, and ‘logia’ which means area of study. Simply defined, technology is a science of crafting. Collins English Dictionary (2005, pg. 1675) defines technology as the application of practical or mechanical sciences to industry or commerce, the methods, theory and practices governing such application and the total knowledge and skills available to any human society. Education, as defined by Adesina, Fagbamiye and Talabi (1985) is a tool for the integration of the individuals effectively into a society to enable them achieve self social, economic, political, scientific, cultural and technological progress. Now, in the era of globalization, the growing importance of trans-border education provisions particularly, in the area of technology is quite understandable. Generally, stakeholders are anxious to see that educational institutions deliver what they should deliver and that what they deliver produces desirable outcomes. These desirable outcomes include, among others, changes in structures, attitudes and institutions as well as the acceleration of economic growth, the reduction of inequality and eradication of absolute poverty. Consequently, in addressing the issue of national development vis-a-vis technology education, it is of immense necessity to show the understanding of the phenomenon development and also to harness the indices of development before we can decide what we look out for in a developed, under-developed, developing nation and so on. The Concept of Technology Education According to Adeogun (2004), Ogunranti (1988) and Ukeje (1991), technology is the application of science and scientific knowledge to make the world more efficient using industrial methods. Technology can also be viewed as the sum of the ways in which a social group provides for themselves with the materials of civilization, thus science and technology go hand-in-hand. It could be considered permissible then to say that technology is a systematic approach in an integrated process to achieve practical purpose or achieve an end product. Hence, technology involves a practical engagement, that is, the act of doing, which is meant to solve human problems scientifically and systematically. Translated from its Latin root, ‘educo’ or ‘educare’, the word education means ‘to lead’. In other words, education implies showing the way. In principle, education is the process by which a person or group of persons lead in the act of acquiring new knowledge or experience. Ajelabi (2000) views education as implying the experience that a person gets in contact with or which one undergoes with or without the school. According to Collins Dictionary (2005, pg. 433), education is the act or process of imparting knowledge, especially at school, college or university, the art or process of acquiring knowledge, the knowledge or training acquired by this process, the theory of teaching and learning; or a particular kind of special directives (instructions) or training. From the foregoing, an operational definition of technology education required for this paper projects technology education as a continuous process of special education, training and directives imparted in individuals for the development of innovative ideas to ensure socio-economic independence. It could be argued that the type of education which Nigeria pupils and students are exposed to at different levels of education in the school system today cannot favour the accomplishment of the Millennium Development Goals. This can be substantiated with the concern about quality which is uppermost in any educational discourse all over the world, and Nigeria in particular. The United Nations Education Scientific and Cultural Organization (1999) observes that quality in education is a multi-dimensional concept which should embrace â€Å"all functions and activities: teaching, academic programmes, research and scholarship, staffing, students, buildings, facilities, equipment, services to the community and academic environment†. To show that one is educated means that all aspects of his/her life is transformed to influence and be influenced by self, physical, social, political, economical and spiritual environments. For this reason, technology education should focus on productive skills that are saleable to the world, thus making such a country a power to associate with. The Concept of National Development National development is rooted in a force of change than can raise expectations, through sustainable and broad-based economic growth. It could also be perceived as the totality of all activities within a nation whose main goal is to raise the living standards and general well being of the people. Collins English Dictionary (2005, pg. 443) defines development as the act or process of growing or developing or the product of developing. The Cambridge International Dictionary of English (1996, pg 377) defines development as growing or becoming more advanced or a recent important event which is the latest in a series of related events. You read "Technology Education and National Development" in category "Papers" For the purpose of this paper, national development means the satisfaction and sustenance of the social, political and economic needs of the people of a state (nation). It could also be thought of as planned activities which focus on increasing and enlarging the capacities so that they can successfully handle greater positions in a nation. National development usually focuses on improving the conceptual skills – the intellectual and abilities needed to handle complex situations and do a better job. With economic needs, a change in the economic and social super-structure of the society is guaranteed. It is an improvement in the techniques of production in the consumption choices open to the average citizen, in the health of the citizen, in the behaviour of citizen and so on. It involves both quantitative and non-quantitative aspects. Also, it involves reduction in income inequality, unemployment and poverty (Adeogun, 2003). Bannock (1977) opines that economic development is related to the process of growth in total and per capita income of developing nations accompanied by fundamental changes in the structures of their economies. Accordingly, these changes generally consist of the increasing importance of industrial, as opposed to agricultural, activity, reduction of dependence on imports from the more advanced producer and consumer goods, and dependence on agricultural or mineral products as main exports, and a diminishing reliance on aids from other countries. Accompanying this economic process are attendant political and socio-cultural reforms aimed at resolving such problems as cultural deprivation, ignorance, political instability and poverty. Thus, national development can be perceived as the totality of all the activities within a nation whose main goal is to raise the living standards and general well-being of the people. The Concept of Infrastructure According to Coombs (1991), the educational system is a function of the quality and quantity of inputs. Of significance are the buildings, equipment and space. This view gains the endorsement of Ejiogu (1984) and Nwagwu (1983) who note that of the four important factors in an attempt to balance the qualitative and quantitative growth of any educational system is the quality and number of infrastructure in the form of buildings, machinery and equipment; their maximal usage and proper maintenance culture of the students, staff and community members that use such facilities. Infrastructure, as stated by Ehiametalor (2001) are the operational inputs of every instructional programme and they constitute elements that are necessary for teaching and learning. Such include buildings, laboratories, machinery, furniture and electrical fixtures. In specific terms, Bosah (1997) opines that infrastructure represent the empirical relevance of the totality of the school environment for the realization of the school business. He identifies the following as components of infrastructure: landscape, playgrounds, buildings – classrooms, library, laboratory blocks, health blocks, toilets, hostels, administrative blocks and so on; utilities such as electricity, pipe-borne water and security facilities – walls (fences), gates, telephone and alarm system. From the above, infrastructure can be considered the basic systems and services that are necessary for an organization, for example, buildings, transport, water and power supplies and administrative systems. These are things that represent the aesthetic picture of the school conveyed by the position of structures in relation to one another. Goals of Technology Education The goals of technology education include: -understanding the principles and dynamics of technology; understanding the principles of tool construction, processes of technology and modes of dissemination; -developing intellectual processes of technology and their relation with other systems such as communication, economics, science, industry and society; -acquiring skills such as instrumentation production, maintenance, creativity, designing and communication; -mastering of technology-oriented forms of general and specific problem-solving; -producing technologically literate people; and -producing products that are emp loyable and equally those who would proceed to higher education (Busari, 2004). It is important to appreciate the interpretation of these goals in the policies and practices of technology education in Nigeria. The policy guidelines set by the government for achieving the objectives are provision of basic tools for educational advancement including preparation for crafts of the locality, provision of curricular activities like teaching of science, local crafts, domestic science and agriculture, and provision of qualified teachers to handle technology education subjects. An Assessment of the Development Status of Nigeria In assessing the indices, criteria or factors responsible for the lassification of any country as being either developing or developed, it becomes imperative to understand the underlying key concepts: development, developing, under-developed, least developed, third world or fourth world and developed countries. Development can be regarded as the process of improving human welfare. Hence, the goals of development include: -balanced healthful diet; -adequate medical care; -labour opportunities commensurate with individual talents; -environmental sanitation and disease control; -sufficient educational opportunities; -reduced infant mortality; -decent housing; social and political participation promoting equality (United Nations, 2003). Developing countries are characterized by high rate debts, low level of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), low standard of living, low level of productivity and low level of health, low level of investment; high dependency on the agriculture production and high vulnerability for external shocks. Least Developed Countries (LDC) generally suffer conditions of extreme poverty, ongoing and widespread conflict (including civil war or ethnic clashes), extensive political corruption and lack of political and social stability. The form of government in such countries is often authoritarian in nature, and may comprise dictatorship, warlordism or a kleptocrazy (United Nations, 2003). The Relevance of Infrastructure in the Provision of Viable Technology Education With the present scope of technology in Nigerian classrooms, there are few technical schools and few universities where technology education is made available. It is lamentably sad to observe that the available infrastructure in the available technical colleges and universities of technology is inadequate when compared with the expected functions of such institutions of learning. No doubt that infrastructure comprises things that are used directly or indirectly for the purposes of supporting, facilitating, influencing or encouraging transmission or acquisition of knowledge, competencies, skills and know-how. When we think of the poor state of this infrastructure, a question tends to come to mind – is the government actually interested in building this nation? This is just that there appears to be a gap between the policy statements and policy implementation. Lending credence to this is Busari (2004) who observes that institutions (technical colleges, universities, etc) where technology education is run are given little or lip support because they are viewed as any other education programme providers. The lackadaisical attitude of related agencies responsible for the functionalism of technology education is evidenced by the fact that the required infrastructure that would make technology education operational are either inadequate or non-existing. If technology education would facilitate national development, the quality of the manpower available for the performance of such tasks will dictate. As reported by Subair (2004), even the universities of technology experienced a face-lift just because of the accreditation exercise embarked upon by the National Universities Commission (NUC), a body established by the Federal Government in 1962 for the purpose of quality university education. He opines that experiences of the students are better expressed when adequate provision of required infrastructure is made with due consideration for some factors such as students’ population, student-teacher ratio, minimum studio stage per student, drawing boards per student, etc and student work experience practice in particular. The country is now faced with the stark realities of her poor technological base, which manifests in all fronts, ranging from poor economy, inability to properly maintain facilities inherited from colonial masters, to bad educational planning (Odeyemi, 1996). The incessant scarcity of petroleum products, epileptic supply of electricity, bad roads, flooding, and so on points to the fact that this country seriously needs to embrace and appreciate technology education. The resultant effects of Nigeria’s state of technological development are being felt in other sectors of our economy uch as the agricultural sector, industrial sector, building and construction, health and infrastructural sector – water, road, telecommunication and electricity. The bite is much felt due to lack of the necessary technical know-how to maintain the existing infrastructure and fabricate spare parts to maintain the heavy duty and medium size plants. Moreover, the frequent stealing and vandalizati on of Power Holding Company of Nigeria’s (PHCN) equipment for example is traceable to the inability to produce them locally. Obviously, there will be no market for the stolen ones if the country is able to produce in large quantities. As Oguntoye (2004) comments: There is no doubt that Nigeria has made tremendous leaps forward in educational development, especially with regard to quantitative expansion, are probably more than those we faced before the Ashby Commission of 1960. The physical structures may be available (they are in short supply). The problem is not that people are unwilling to send their kids to school, may not be the curriculum, may not even be quantity of trained personnel, but the critical problem is attitudinal, wrong value-orientation, wanting to cut corners, acquiring the certificates without acquiring knowledge, skills and competencies (pg. – 8). It becomes important to say here that if Nigeria as a nation is to be a developed and modern nation, it needs to be rational. A rational society is one which regards people as having the knowledge and ability to control their own destinies. Controlling one’s destiny without depending on other countries for one’s basic needs is se lf-reliance, a supposed target or goal of technology education. Consequently, the focus now should be acquisition of thorough knowledge, skills, competencies and know-how capable of transforming and encouraging people to develop openness to new experience, readiness to social change, placing higher value on technology education and aspiring to high levels of industrial attainment, understanding the logic underlying production and industry; placing high value on technical skill and accepting it as a basis for the distribution of rewards, and a basic trust in the calculating of the surrounding world, and that people and institutions can be relied upon to meet their obligations. Conclusion Attaining national development depends on three things that are considered most important. One is that education, particularly technology education which is the source of high levels of human capital accumulation, should be heavily invested in to generate the human resources Nigeria needs as the ‘engine’ for growth. There should be active government involvement or intervention that will encourage enormous investments in human capital, educating large skilled manpower able to absorb and adapt the most advanced technology. Secondly, Nigerians should know that modern societies are science and technology driven. There is no reason why we cannot set target year for achieving technology education for all. Such focus will make Nigerians think scientifically and technologically, the resultant effects of which will be change in our attitude and belief system, worthwhile social, economic, political and cultural lives, culminating into poverty alleviation, economic progress that will touch millions of Nigerians. Thirdly, irrespective of the level of education, the students are the core input into our educational institutions and the quality of the output (students) depends largely on the provision of infrastructures capable of directly or indirectly supporting, facilitating, influencing and encouraging the development of their potentials. Therefore, the knowledge, skills, competences and attitudes students acquire for life can make them fit into the cultural, social, economic and political contexts of the society in which they live, and to work and employment. It can all be summarily put that quality of education is reflected in the fit between, on the one hand, the expectations of society expressed in the general and specific objective of education, and on the other, the actual characteristics of the educational process (technology education) and the changes observed at the students’ level. References Adeogun, A. A. (2003). Economics of education. Lagos: Olatunji Publishing Press. Ajelabi, A. (2000). Essentials of educational technology. Lagos: Raytel Communications Ltd. Bannock, A. O. (1977). Modern technology and students’ instinct development. New York: McGreen Publishing Company. Bosah, H. O. N. (1997). Improving school plant provision and administration in Nigeria school. N. I. Ogbonnaya and C. L. Ajagbaonwu (Eds. ) Major concepts and issues in educational administration. NAEP Publication. Ibadan: Awemark Industrial Printers. Busari, O. O. (2004). Towards a rethink of science and technology education in Nigeria. Ejiogu A. (ed. ) Nigerian education and challenges of the 21st century. Lagos: Faculty of Education, University of Lagos. Cambridge International Dictionary of English (1996). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 377. Collins English Dictionary (2005). Glasgow: Harper Collins Publishers, pp. 443, 449, 1675. Coombs, Y. (1991). What is planning? Paris: IIEP UNESCO. Ehiametalor, E. T. (2001). School facilities: Management practice in Nigeria. N. A. Nwaguru, E. T. Ehiametalor, and M. A. Ogunu, M. Nwadiani (Eds. ) Current issues in educational management in Nigeria. Benin City, Nigeria: Nigerian Association for Educational Administration and Planning. Ejiogu, A. (ed. ) (2004). Nigerian education and challenges of the 21st century. Lagos: Faculty of Education, University of Lagos. Madumere, S. C. (1997). Educational planning and manpower development. Lagos: Samuel Printing Press. Nwagwu, N. A. (1978). Primary school administration. Beverly Hills: Sage Publications. Odeyemi, O. (1996). Technology as a vehicle for qualitiative education in Nigeria. Technology education Today 6(1 2), pp. 49 – 52. Ogunranti, A. (1988). Educational technology and curriculum development. Ogunranti, A. (ed. ) Problems and prospects of educational technology in Nigeria. Ibadan: Heinemann. Oguntoye, A. O. O. (2004). Education for national development self reliance in a deregulated economy. A paper presented at the 1st national conference of the School of Technical Education, Federal College of Education (Technical), Akoka. Subair, S. O. (2007). Infrastructure, students’ welfare and students’ motivation to learn in universities. An unpublished post-field report paper presented at the departmental seminar of the Educational Administration Department, University of Lagos, Akoka. Ukeje, B. O. (1991). Educational technology in the new national system of education. In Ajelabi, A. (2005). Essentials of educational technology. Lagos: Raytel Communications, p. 18. United Nations (2001). Road map towards the implementation of the United Nations millennium declaration. Retrieved Sept. 17, 2008 from http://www. un. org. /millenniumgoal. United Nations Development Programme (2003). Human development report. New York: University Press for UNDP. United Nations (2005). Jakarta Declaration on Millennium Development Goals in Asia and the pacific: The way forward 2015, Jakarta, 5 August 2005. How to cite Technology Education and National Development, Essays

An Overview Of Industrialized Building Systems Construction Essay Example For Students

An Overview Of Industrialized Building Systems Construction Essay In recent old ages, the authorities is seeking to pass through the often used conventional building method toward a more technologically beforehand building method, Industrialized Building Systems ( IBS ) . Several policies are developed for the involvement of advancing IBS by the authorities. In order to rush the IBS use in the building industry, IBS Roadmap 2003 -2010 is published to advance the IBS through 5M scheme ( Manpower, Materials, Management, Monetary, and Marketing ) . On the other manus, CIMP 2006 -2015 besides highlights a strategic push for IBS contraption in the building undertakings. Furthermore, every new authorities undertakings are mandatory to intensify at least 70 % of IBS constituents start from twelvemonth 2008. Although this engineering has introduced in Malaysia since 1960-an, the volume of IBS undertaking is still lack comparison to the conventional undertaking ( Kwai, 2010 ) . It seems to be the credence of IBS has non been promoting among Malayan builders. The wet trade building is still widely applied in building industry in Malaysia although it is really incurred higher building cost and longer building clip. Furthermore, the conventional building method is ever giving the feeling of Dirty, Difficult and Dangerous of building industry Malaysia. IBS is peddled to be used in the building industry as it can work out the issue associated with jobs faced in conventional system. CIDB ( 2003 ) has presented that by utilizing IBS, it can get by with a turning demand of low-cost lodging ; less dependance on the foreign labors and heighten labour accomplishments. Furthermore, Kamar, K. A. M. et Al. ( 2009 ) besides stated that IBS can besides provides shorter building period, better quality of building, cleaner and neater building environment, less site stuff and besides minimum building stuffs wastage. In add-on, the contraption of IBS can besides farther decreases the accidents or hurts happen on site comparison to the conventional building method which has less accent on the occupational safety and wellness. Furthermore, IBS besides enhances the image of the building industry in Malaysia as the current building status is ever considered as Dirty, Difficult and Dangerous ( CREAM and CIDB, 2010 ) . The advantage of bettering the image of the building industry is indispensable as the industry utilizing conventional method is ever associated with unprofessional patterns ( Mail, 2010 ) . This implicatively discourages the local work force to fall in the building industry. Furthermore, the low pay strategy of the building labours besides impedes the locals to affecting the building industry Malaysia. Therefore, the IBS is encouraged among the building industry in order to pull more locals to affect in this field. Kamar K. A. ( 2010 ) further enhances that IBS can increase the fight of Malayan houses by offering better monetary value in the abroad undertakings. This can indirectly supply good repute of building industry Malaysia in international degree. Outline1 1.2 Problem statement2 1.3 Aim and Aims3 1.4 Scope of Study4 1.5 Research Methodology5 1.6 Limitation of Study6 1.7 Significant of Study7 1.8 Work Plan8 Undertaking9 Aug10 Sept11 Oct12 Nov13 Dec14 Jan15 Feb16 Mar17 Chapter 218 INDUSTRIALISED Building SYSTEMS ( IBS ) A ; CONVENTIONAL BUILDING SYSTEM19 2.1 History of IBS20 2.2 Characteristic of IBS21 2.3 Type of IBS22 2.3.1 Precast concrete framing, panel and box23 Steel formwork systems24 Steel bordering systems25 Prefabricated lumber bordering systems26 Block work systems27 Chapter 328 Construction LABOUR29 Mentions: 1.2 Problem statement Conventional building industry, which besides considers as wet trade building is relied to a great extent on the manual work force. CIDB ( 2007 ) stated in CIMP that as most of the locals are holding the mentality that this industry is Dirty, Dangerous and Difficult , along with the low salary strategy and low occupational safety and wellness, it deters the locals from affecting the industry. This leads to manpower deficit in building industry and redounds to the trust of the building industry on the foreign labor. Furthermore, the industry is more willing to use unskilled foreign labor with cheaper rates compare to use local labors who require for higher rewards. This farther deteriorated the state of affairs of trust on foreign labor in building industry Malaysia. Many foreign workers are recruited from neighboring states such as Indonesia, Bangladesh, India and others. Although the foreign labor is of import in equilibrating the high building cost and besides overcome the job of the deficiency of labor in building industry, there are several issues occur as the impacts of the dependance of the aliens. It leads to the currency flowage to other states, sociables job, offenses and besides upseting the growing of domestic economic system of Malaysia ( CREAM and CIDB, 2010 ) . Therefore, in order to avoid the relying on the foreign workers and pull the locals, Kwai ( 2010 ) and CIDB in IBS Roadmap 2003-2010 ( 2003 ) suggested utilizing IBS alternatively of the conventional building method. Ahmad Bari et Al. ( 2008 ) besides hoped the use of IBS in building industry in Malaysia can manage the issue of the dependence of the foreign labor. The foreign labor is planned to cut down bit by bit from 75 % in twelvemonth 2003, 55 % in twelvemonth 2005 until 15 % in twelvemonth 2009 in IBS Roadmap 2003-2010. Beside from doing the building less labor oriented, IBS besides quicker every bit good as carry throughing quality concern ( Kamar K. A. , 2010 ) . Apart from that, as a effect of the comparative cheap and abundant supply of foreign labor from neighboring states, it has deterred local contractors from prosecuting new and advanced ways of building besides. This leads to the status of deficiency investing in the engineering and equipment, and therefore building sector in Malaysia is being considered as low productiveness sector ( Chan, 2009 ) . Hence, IBS is introduced to get the better of this affair. IBS is introduced for invention of the building engineering and besides managing the labour issue. Industrialized Building System ( IBS ) has been punctually highlighted in Construction Industry Master Plan 2006-2015 as being important importance in building industry. It is hoped to be carried out in the building industry under Strategic Thrust 5: Invention through R A ; D to follow a new building method. Treasury Circular Letter No.7 of 2008 besides released as one of the ways to advance the use of IBS in building industry. The authorities building undertakings are required to content at least 70 % of the IBS constituents. These show the importance of the application of IBS in building industry. On the other manus, the sweetening of engineering in IBS is besides introduced to better the productiveness of the building. CIDB besides prepares several programmes of advancing industrialized edifices, modular coordination and system embrace of prefabrication engineering ( CIDB and Chan, E.H.W. , 2005 ) . The productiveness of IBS can cut down the trust on the work force. But in the current scenario of the building industry in Malaysia, the issue on cut downing dependance on foreign workers is great concern as still has 52 % of the building works is foreign workers ( CREAM and CIDB, 2010 ) . This is far from outlook in IBS Roadmap 2003-2010 which hope to less the foreign labor until 15 % in twelvemonth 2009. By utilizing the IBS, it hopes to cut down the dependence on foreign labor and salvage on the foreign exchange ( Abdul Rahman, A. B. and Omar, W, 2006 ) . Therefore the survey on the comparing on IBS and conventional system is carried out to happen the effectivity of IBS in cut downing the labor needed on site, particularly the decrease of the foreign labor. The comparing of figure of locals of affecting in the IBS and conventional building besides will be studied. Furthermore, the labour productiveness of the work force in both building methods is besides investigated for the efficiency of the labor in site. Last but non least, skill betterment in IBS besides will be studied. 1.3 Aim and Aims The purpose that initiates this research is to analyze on the comparing on building labor between Industrialised edifice System ( IBS ) and conventional system. The research is carried out to accomplish the aims below: To analyze the feature of IBS and conventional system in building industry Malaysia To analyze on building labor in building industry Malaysia To place and compare building labor between IBS and conventional edifice system To find the effectivity of IBS in cut downing dependance on foreign labors To find the labour productiveness in both IBS and conventional edifice system 1.4 Scope of Study The range of this research focal point on the comparing of the building labours needed in similar lodging undertaking characteristic by utilizing different building method ( IBS and conventional system ) . The research besides will be used to place whether IBS is effectual in managing the issue of the trust on foreign labors and besides increase the figure of skill labors in building industry. It besides reviews if the locals will affect IBS undertakings more than conventional building undertakings. The productiveness of the labor in two building methods besides will be reviewed. Churchill’s Eulogy for Neville Chamberlain EssaySteel formwork systems This type of the system is considered as least prefabricated IBS, as it by and large involve site casting and capable to structural quality control, high quality merchandises, faster building period and less manpower and material demands. This includes tunnel signifiers, beams and columns modeling signifiers, permanents steel formworks and others ( CIDB, 2003 ) . Steel bordering systems This type of system is a popular pick and normally used in skyscrapers. The system is used to build steel beams and columns, portal frames, roof trusses and others. Prefabricated lumber bordering systems This system is usually use as lumber frames, roof trusses and others. By utilizing lumber as stuffs of IBS, it provides nice designs apart from merely building simple home. The edifice built can hold higher aesthetical values. Block work systems The conventional bricks can be replaced by utilizing the block work produced in IBS system. The merchandises produced including meshing concrete masonry units ( CMU ) , lightweight concrete blocks and others. The clip devouring traditional brick-laying undertakings can be simplified by utilizing the units produced in the mill. Closed System Open System The edifice constituents of IBS are non limited to the proprietor or certain owner. Standardization Form or visual aspect of common constituents has been determined the size and size Modular Coordination Advantage The benefits of betaking IBS as building method are plentifulness. CREAM and CIDB ( 2010 ) stated that the debut of IBS by authorities is to cut down the manual work by traveling the plants to mill. It besides transforms the image of building industry into better image and therefore can pull more locals to take part in building industry. 2.8.1 Sheltered and controlled environment 2.8.2 Insistent production give rise the operational efficiency and economic systems of big graduated table production 2.8.3 Reduce remittals by foreign labor ( Haron, N.A. et Al, 2009 ) 2.8.4 Reduce the demand of formwork on site as the re-usable metal signifier is intentionally made in the mill Less site stuff and cleansing agent and orderly environment- repetitive of formwork and staging Decrease in wastage as the support and concrete can command better Less site stuff and cleansing agent and orderly environment- repetitive of formwork and staging Produce quality controlled merchandises in mill Less labour intensifier ( Nurul Azam Haron, Hamzah Abdul Rahman, Mahanim Hanid, 2009 ) Faster production of edifice constituents Enhance physique ability ( Low, S.P. A ; Choong, J.C. , 2000 ) Faster completion ( Haron, N.A. et Al, 2009 ) 2.8.11 Not affected by conditions ( Haron, N.A. et Al, 2009 ) 2.8.12 Flexible design ( Haron, N.A. et Al, 2009 ) Disadvantage Conventional method Disadvantage: vagaries of conditions labour intensive productiveness low Barriers: Immune toward alteration deficient information/ deficiency of cognition Lack of engineering method ( Kamarul Anuar Mohamad Kamar, Zuhairi Abdul Hamid, Mohd Khairolden Ghani, Ahmad Hazim Rahim, CREAM, 2007 ) Costing job Insufficient push factor Un-standardize articulations doing it hard to plan Volume and economic of graduated table Require preparation ( MBAM 2007 ) ( Nurul Azam Haron, Hamzah Abdul Rahman, Mahanim Hanid, 2009 ) Chapter 3 Construction LABOUR 52 % is foreign workers from neighboring states, 48 % is local work force. 59 % of the foreign workers are Indonesian, 13 % are from Bangladesh and the remain are from Myanmar, Nepal, India, Vietnam and Sri Lanka. More involve in private sector than authorities sector, likely because of the promoting usage of IBS in authorities undertaking ( 70 % ) . Most of the foreign workers ac t as unskilled labor involve in manual plants on site, for case, carpenter, aˆÂ ¦.. Skill, unskill-define, jobscope Labour productiveness Disadvantage of using foreign labor: ( CIDB, 2003 ) Increase the escape of Ringgit Malaysia ( RM ) to foreign states Bringing negative impacts in the societal and cultural context Wayss to increase accomplishments ( CIDB, 2003 ) Prepare big fund for research, for illustration CREAM Standard development Training and advancing programmes, for illustration CIDB preparation Research and Development Programmes to develop advanced IBS application, for illustration preparation in the accomplishment of put ining the precast constituents on site Mentions: A. Idrus, N. F. K. Hui A ; C. Utomo. ( 2008 ) . Percept of Industrialised Building System ( IBS ) Within the Malayan Market. International Conference on Construction and Building Technology, 75-92. Ahmad Baharuddin Abdul Rahman A ; Wahid Omar. ( 2006 ) . Issue and Challenges in the Implementation of Industrialized Building Systems in Malaysia. Proceedings of the 6th Asia-Pacific Structural Engineering and Construction Conference ( APSEC 2006 ) , ( pp. C-45 C-53 ) . Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Andrew R. J. Dainty, Stephen G. Ison A ; Geoffrey H. Briscoe. ( 2005 ) . The Construction Labour Market Skills Crisis: The Perspective of Small- Medium- Sized Firms. Construction Management and Economics, May 2005 ( 23 ) , 387-398. Bar, N. A. ( 2008, May 28 ) . Researching the Types of Construction Cost Modelling forIndustrialised Building System ( IBS ) Undertaking in Malaysia. Retrieved October 8, 2010, from I3CON Project: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.i3con.org/files/conference-1/3_Industrialised_Construction/Session_3-Paper_1-Bari-I3con_UK.pdf Cameons, A. ( 2009, November 21 ) . Use IBS systems, builder urged. The Star. Chan, T. K. ( 2009 ) . Measuring Performance of the Malayan Construction Industry. Construction direction and Economicss, ( October- December 2009 ) ( 27 ) , 1231-1244. CIDB. ( 2007 ) . Construction Industry Master Plan Malaysia 2006- 2015. Kuala Lumpur: CIDB. CIDB. ( 2003 ) . IBS Roadmap 2003-2010. Kuala Lumpur: CIDB. CIDB. ( 2010 ) . Industrialised Constructing Systems ( IBS ) . 1 IBS Info, January March 2010 ( 1 ) , 1. CIDB. ( 2010 ) . Pelan Tindakan Pelaksaan IBS. 1 IBS Info, January March 2010 ( 1 ) , 4. CIDB. ( 2010 ) . Pelan Tindakan Pelaksanan IBS. 1 IBS Info, January March 2010 ( 1 ) , 4. CIDB and Chan, E.H.W. ( 2005 ) . The Construction Sector in Asiatic Economics. ( Y. A. Chiang, Ed. ) USA: Taylor A ; Francis. CREAM and CIDB. ( 2010, September 30 ) . Kajian Status Terkini Pekerja Asing di Tapak Binaan 2010. Retrieved October 8, 2010, from Industrialised Constructing Systems ( IBS ) Construction Resaerch and Innovation: hypertext transfer protocol: //ibsresearch.blogspot.com/2010/09/kajian-status-terkini-perkerja-asing-di.html IBS to rush up edifice of public lodging. ( 2010, August 5 ) . The Star. Kamar, K. A. ( 2010 ) . A Undertaking Management Guideline for the Implementation of IBS, IEM Professional Engineer Report. Kuala Lumpur: Unpublished Report. Kamar, K. A. ( 2010, June 25 ) . IBS Q A ; A ( Minister of Work ) Draft Copy. Retrieved October 8, 2010, from Industrialised Building System ( IBS ) Construction Research and Innovation: hypertext transfer protocol: //ibsresearch.blogspot.com/2010_06_01_archieve.html Kamar, K. ( 2010, April 26 ) . The History of IBS Adoption in Malaysia. Retrieved October 8, 2010, from Industrialised Building System ( IBS ) Construction Research and Innovation: hypertext transfer protocol: //ibsresearch.blogspot.com/2010/04/history-of-ibs-adoption-in-malaysia.html Kamar, K. A. M. , Alshawi, M. A ; Hamid, Z. ( 2009 ) . Barriers to Industrialized Building System ( IBS ) : The Case of Malaysia. Paper Proceedings in BuHu 9th Interntaional Postgraduate research Conference ( IPGRC ) ( Bds, Alshawi, M. , Ahmed. V, Egbu, C. A ; Sutrisna, M ) . Salford, United Kingdom. Kamar, K. A. M. , Alshawi, M. A ; Hamid, Z. ( 2009 ) . Industrialised Building System: The Critical Success Factor. Paper Proceedings in BuHu 9th Interntaional Postgraduate Research Conference ( IPGRC ) ( Bds, Alshawi, M. , Ahmed. V, Egbu, C. A ; Sutrisna, M ) . Salford, United Kingdom. Kamar, K. A. ( 2010, June 10 ) . Rethinking IBS: Part 3. Retrieved October 8, 2010, from Industrialised Constructing Systems ( IBS ) Construction Research and Innovation. Kamarul Anuar Mohamad Kamar, Zuhairi Abdul Hamid A ; Riduan Yunus. ( 2010, October 6 ) . Sustainable Issue and IBS. Retrieved October 8, 2010, from Industrialised edifice Systems ( IBS ) Construction Research and Innovation: hypertext transfer protocol: //ibsresearch.blogspot.com/2010_10_01_archieve.html Kamarul Anuar Mohamad Kamar, Zuhairi Abdul Hamid, Mohd Khairolden Ghani, Ahmad Hazim Rahim, CREAM. ( 2007 ) . Industrialised edifice system: Current Defects and the Vital Role of R A ; D. Master Builder Journal, 62-65. Kwai, K. F. ( 2010 ) . Casual Coversation with Mr Kwan Foh Kwai, MBAM President for Term 2010-2012. Maste Builder Journal, 2 ( 2nd Quarter 2010 ) , 8. Low, S.P. A ; Choong, J.C. ( 2000 ) . Just-In-Time Management in Precast Concrete Construction: A Survey of the Readiness of Precasters. The Malayan Surveyor, 35 ( 4 ) , 2-11. Mail, R. ( 2010, May 20 ) . Government to utilize edifice systems for lodging undertakings, says Johari. The Star. Mail, R. ( 2010, April 16 ) . Johari: ibs guarantee quality betterment and is less labour intensifier. The Star. Mohd Rofdzi Abdullah, Kamarul Anuar Mohd Kamar, Mohd Nasrun Mohd Nawi, Ahmad Tarmizi Haron A ; Mohammed Arif. ( 2009 ) . Industrialised Building System: A Definition and Consept. Paper Proceedings in ARCOM Conference 2009. Nottingham, United Kingdom. Nick Blismas A ; Ron Wakefield. ( 2009 ) . Drivers, Constraints and the Future of Offite Manufacture in Australia. Construction Innovation ( Information, Process, Management ) , 9 ( 1 ) , 72-83. Nor Azmi Ahmad Bari, Mohammad Razali Abdul Kadir, Napsiah Ismail A ; Yusuff. ( 2008 ) . The Incidence-In-Use of Cost Estimatioon Model For Industrialised Building System ( IBS ) undertakings. The Malayisan, 3 ( 43 ) , 27. Nurul Azam Haron, Hamzah Abdul Rahman, Mahanim Hanid. ( 2009 ) . A Literature Review of the Advantages and Barriers to the Implementation of Industrialised Building System ( IBS ) in Construction Industry. Malayan Construction Research Journal, 4 ( 1 ) , 10-14. Salihudin Hassim, Mohd Saleh Jaafar A ; Saiful Azri Abu Hasan Sazali. ( 2009 ) . The Contractor Perception Towers Industrialised Building System Risk in Construction Projects in Malaysia. American Journal of Applied Sciences, 6 ( 5 ) , 937-942. Wafaa Nadim A ; Jack S. Goulding. ( 2010 ) . Offsite Production in the United kingdom: The Way Forward? A UK Construction Industry Perspective. Construction ( Innovation ( Information, Process, Management ) , 10 ( 2 ) , 181-202. Wei Pan, Alistair G. F. Gibb A ; Andrew R. J. Bainty. ( 2007 ) . Positions of UK Housebuilders on the Use of offiste Modern Methods of Conbstruction. Construction direction and Economics, January- March 2007 ( 25 ) , 183-194.

The Holocaust Was A Tragic Point In History Which Many People Essays

The Holocaust was a tragic point in history which many people believe never happened. Others who survived it thought it should never have been. Not only did this affect the people who lived through it, it also affected everyone who was connected to those fortunate individuals who survived. The survivors were lucky to have made it but there are times when their memories and flashbacks have made them wish they were the ones who died instead of living with the horrible aftermath. The psychological effects of the Holocaust on people from different parts such as survivors of Israel and survivors of the ghettos and camps vary in some ways yet in others are profoundly similar. The vast number of prisoners of various nationalities and religions in the camps made such differences inevitable. Many contrasting opinions have been published about the victims and survivors of the holocaust based on the writers' different cultural backrounds, personal experiences and intelectual traditions. Therefore, the opinions of the authors of such books and entries of human behavior and survival in the concentration camps in Nazi-occupied Europe are very diverse. The Survivors of the Holocaust: General Survey Because the traumatization of the Holocaust was both individual and collective, most individuals made efforts to create a "new family" to replace the nuclear family that had been lost. In order for the victims to resist dehumanization and regression and to find support, the members of such groups shared stories about the past, fantasies of the future and joint prayers as well as poetry and expressions of personal and general human aspirations for hope and love. Imagination was an important means of liberation from the frustrating reality by opening an outlet for the formulation of plans for the distant future, and by spurring to immediate actions. Looking at the history of the Jewish survivors, from the beginning of the Nazi occupation until the liquidation of the ghettos shows that there are common features and simmilar psychophysiological patterns in their responses to the persecutions. The survivors often experienced several phases of psychosocial response, including attempts to actively master the traumatic situation, cohesive affiliative actions with intense emotional links, and finally, passive compliance with the persecutors. These phases must be understood as the development of special mechanisms to cope with the tensions and dangers of the surrounding horrifying reality of the Holocaust. There were many speculations that survivors of the Holocaust suffered from a static concentration camp syndrome. These theories were proved to have not been valid by research that was done immediately after liberation. Clinical and theoretical research focused more on psychopathology than on the question of coping and the development of specific adaptive mechanisms during the Holocaust and after. The descriptions of the survivors' syndrome in the late 1950's and 1960's created a new means of diagnosis in psychology and the behavioral sciences, and has become a model that has since served as a focal concept in examining the results of catastrophic stress situations. After more research was done, it was clear the adaptation and coping mechanisms of the survivors was affected by the aspects of their childhood experiences, developmental histories, family constellations, and emotional family bonds. In the studies and research that were done, there were many questions that were asked of the subjects: What was the duration of the traumatization?, During the Holocaust, was the victim alone or with family and friends?, Was he in a camp or hiding?, Did he use false "Aryan" papers?, Was he a witness to mass murder in the ghetto or the camp?, What were his support systems- family and friends- and what social bonds did he have? These studies showed that the experiences of those who were able to actively resist the oppression, whether in the underground or among the partisans, were different in every way from the experiences of those who were victims in extermination camps. When the survivors integrated back into society after the war, they found it very hard to adjust. It was made difficult by the fact that they often aroused ambivalent feelings of fear, avoidence, guilt, pity and anxiety. This might have been hard for them, but decades after the Holocaust most of the survivors managed to rehabilitate their capacities and rejoin the paths their lives might have taken prior to the Holocaust. This is more true for the people who experienced the Holocaust as children or young adults. Their families live with a special attitude toward psychobiological continuity, fear of separation, and fear of prolonged sickness and death. The experience of the Holocaust shows how human beings can undergo extreme traumatic experiences without suffering from a total regression and without losing their ability to rehabilitate their ego

The Medias Role in Watergate essays

The Media's Role in Watergate essays In the American Democracy it is vital for our right to freedom of press to be put into full throttle. Without the press, the society would be clueless and blind of Washington's dealings and business. The press informs the public, for better or worse, about what really goes on in Washington. But during the Watergate Scandal, the press coverage of the scandal demonstrated some of the best and the worst aspects of the way the American press covers the presidency. Richard Nixon despised the press. From the days when he was Vice President and Governor, he had no trust for the press. Even when he used the press for his advantage to expose, what he believed to be, Communist influences in America, he feared the press. Though Nixon had won the endorsement of many newspapers during the 1960 Presidential Campaign, Nixon still thought ill of the press and believed them to be unfair to him. Nixon became even more bitter in 1962 after he lost the election to be governor of California. Nixon bitterly claimed that they wouldn't have Richard Nixon to "kick around anymore". He had retired from politics but that was short lived as he became president in 1968, but even then, Nixon remained careful of the press, fearful that they would leak and expose secrets. He was so scared that he had tapped prominent Washington reporters and official's telephones that he feared would leak information. Within days after the Watergate break in, there were reason to believe that the burglars had connections with the White House highest powers. Despite the sensational revelations, many of the press lost interest in the story very quickly. Most the press accepted the claim of the White House Press Secretary that the incident was "third-rate burglary". Though the Washington Post covered the story, the Post was not thrilled with the story at first. They assigned two relatively ...

Circus Show in Las Vegas Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Circus Show in Las Vegas - Essay Example Before attending this circus show, I had a very blurred concept of circus shows. I used to think that circus shows are solely animal based. Some people have trained their pets in a particular fashion so the pets are able to perform certain tricks in front of the masses. A monkey dancing on a song or three lions standing upon one another were the particular images that used to flash in mind the very moment I would listen about a circus show. The idea of merely seeing some animals perform never attracted me enough to draw me towards a circus show until my friend, Tom almost dragged me to the show with him this April. Only as I appeared on the show last Saturday did I realize that circus was actually much more than what I knew about it. The whole scene was spellbinding. I can only try to narrate the scene in words, yet the whole feeling was too heavenly and magical to be captured into words. We arrived at the show at 3 pm. It was a big show with too many components. The show was organiz ed in the open, to lend the show the traditional touch. There were loudspeakers everywhere advertising different kinds of acts. We roamed about the place and saw different shows. I particularly liked the act of a motorcyclist who was making the bike go round and round along the inner walls of a deep well, which was called the well of sorrows. To add to the adventure, there were about a dozen snakes in the base of the well. The host told us that they were some of the most venomous and gigantic snakes to be found on the face of Earth. From the look of them, I could tell that the host was not lying. I was looking at the snakes from a distance of about 20 meters from the top, and they still seemed too gigantic to be anywhere less than 2 meters each. The 20 meters deep well was divided into 5 levels, each of which was 4 meters in depth. The motorcyclist was given the task to ride the bike to the lowest level. The lower he went, the more he earned. The scene of watching the motorcyclist w iggle through the cobras on the lowest level was one of the most breath-taking scenes of my life. After watching the well of sorrows, we headed over to the gymnastics section. This was the only section of the whole circus show that was organized in a hall. The gymnastics were performed by obese ladies. One lady that I was particularly astonished to watch do gymnastics was in her forties and from her look, it seemed as if she was about 140 kgs in weight. In normal life, I would hardly expect such an obese woman to walk, and to my uttermost astonishment, the lady was walking over a carbon wire tied between two stories of the circular hall in a diagonal fashion. As I saw the woman walk up the wire to the second level, I expected her to fall any moment, but she was too skilled and experienced to let imbalance. That was the most scaring, dreadful and yet, funniest moment of my life. After the gymnastics, Tom and I moved over to the ice cream parlor. We had some delicious vanilla scoops t opped with bittersweet chocolate sauce. That seemed like a nice full stop to the experience of watching the circus show.

Reverse logistics acceptance into the world Research Paper

Reverse logistics acceptance into the world - Research Paper Example In addition, variant finished goods or even the associated information gathered from the locale of consumption to the eventual section of the purpose or even recapturing value and also proper disposal is undertaken and controlled by reverse logistic department. The chain process and increased requirement in terms of roles validate the requirement for a senior level executive position to manage the process. Other inherent activities in the reverse logistics include roles like entailed remanufacturing or even refurbishing activities which stringently require supervised reverse logistics operations and must be checked by a superior person from the company or military (Greve & Davis, 2012). The empirical evidences are mainly quantitative or qualitative portions that indicate the essence of the superior’s personnel in the process of reverse logistics. According to (Rogers & Tibben-Lembke, 2009), international market has been exposed to various manufacturers who have adopted various mechanisms to capture the trust of the clients. Trust from consumers helps in raising the image of the company and thus ensuring that it continuously produces. The global market has one main factor of competition as a key segment to keep on operating in the market; production of quality products. Most companies may error in terms of design process of their products, and that forms the basic reason for recalling of certain products in foreign markets. The management of the process of recall is a tough process and demands supervisions and provisions of various conditions. Most of the warranties offered must checked if the clients complied with them all. Some products malfunction due client’s negligence. The relevance of designing superior reverse logistics personnel lies in the vital supervision of the analysis of the warranty process and facilita tion of the transportation process. Reverse

A critique according to your thought and deliberation Essay

A critique according to your thought and deliberation - Essay Example There are very many components of music that have to be followed by artists to make it fit for presentation. Music is actually very important as it is mainly used to serve many purposes. There are many reasons as to why people like music and the questions comes, which kind of music and at what time. Music according to many authors, is one of the ways used in passing information to people. There are certain information that cannot be passed without attaracting attention of the audience hence music serves that duty (Mannheimer, 67). Music isa actually used in schools, health institutions and big restaurants or hotels. In schools, music has help in aiding students on understanding some of the concept of different subject matters as there are two classes of understandin g amoung students (Damschroder, 405). There are the first learners and the slow learners. For the slow learners, a concept have to be repeated more than one times to meet their understanding. There are many institutions where music is learnt being that music falls under arts. Maryland Institute College of Art, also known as the (MICA), is a college of art and design, located in Baltimore, Maryland in the United States of America. It was founded in the year 1826. During its founding, it was known as the Maryland Institute for Promotion of Mechanic Arts, which made it to become among the first and also oldest colleges of art in America. In the year 2008, the college was tied for position four in the country among fine arts master programs by the World Report and the United States News, and the Graphic Design Master of Fine Arts program took position six among the graduate schools for Graphic Design. Maryland Institute College of Art is also an AICAD (Association of Independent Colleges of Art and Design member. It also became a member of the NASAD (the National Association of Schools of Art and Design), and a consortium of 36 leading schools of art in America. The college is

Tourism Promotion Has Grown

Tourism Promotion Has Grown In the past few years, the body of literature on tourism promotion has grown. Some scholars have paid more attention on this field. Through review being provided by Rothschild (1987, p, 24) and Shimp (1990, p, 19), promotion was originally used in the marketing communication field, and concept of promotion consists of four main elements, namely publicity, advertising, personal selling and sales promotion. According to, Witt and Moutinho (1995, p, 376) claim, promotion is the crux of any successful tourism venture. Moreover, the promotion of tourism regards as complex communication activities. In other words, the point of Witt and Moutinho (1995, p, 377) is that promotion is the mix of communication activities designed by tourist organizations to influence those target audiences upon whom their sales depend both directly and indirectly, in both the short and long term. In addition, in terms of tourism products have their own features, therefore the ways of promotion are different from other types of products. Furthermore, based on previous research, promoting tourism is not only a responsibility of tourist organizations, but also is a program activity of countries, states and provinces (Gunn Var, 2002, p, 57). According to Ascher (1982, cited in Hall, 2007, p, 182), tourism promotion plays an active role in activities of government. What is more, Hall (2007, p, 182) explained that in Australia either Commonwealth or state government pays more attention on the promotion of tourism. In addition, according to the studies of Gunn and Var (2002, p, 57) claim that promotion for tourism usually encompass four activities: advertising, publicity, public relations and incentives. The terms of purpose of tourism promotion is attract visitors and build the sense of a destination. As Middleton (1993, p, 32) suggest tourism promotion serves many functions in addition to the more obvious one of increasing awareness of a place and encouraging visitors through the communication of attractive images. In other words, Tourism promotion can be a tool in image of destination building and increasing a sense of place. And then based on the studies of Henderson (2003, p, 72) point out that tourism promotion can inspire civic pride, as well as to strengthen the sense of belonging for place on the one hand, on the other hand via tourism promotion, destinations can enhanced the reputation in the world wide. In addition both governments and tourism organizations can get economic benefits. According to the research of Witt and Moutinho (1995, p, 379) concluded that promotion of tourism has several fundamental features. For instance, tourism promotion regard as tourism products, which means promotion in tourism, has almost the same features as tourism products. In addition, due to tourism promotion based on symbols, such as sounds, images, pictures, and words, promotion in tourism is harder than in most other kinds of marketing. In brief, promotion alone must generate desire and acceptance in the absence of more tangible evidence, which is why it is no exaggeration to say that promotion is the product (Witt Moutinho, 1995, p, 380). Moreover, the risk associated with tourism promotion (Dwyer Forsyth, 1992, P, 18). Because tourism promotion could be seen as either short-tern or long-term investment activities, the whole process of promoting tourism faces risk. In addition, tourism industry, which is a risky industry, can affect on tourism promotion (Witt Moutinho, 1995 , p, 381). Furthermore, tourism promotion has integrated feature. Based on previous research from Witt and Moutinho suggested that promotion might be seen as complex activity for the governments, travel agencies and destinations. As a result, all the diverse elements of tourism promotion, such as brochures, advertising and films, could be consistent with this feature (Witt Moutinho, 1995, p, 380). Moreover, tourism promotion has certain cultural feature. Since tourism is a cultural product to customers, promoting tourism is to reflect the cultural expectations of the market. It seems that promotion tends to deal with cultural stereotypes (Witt Moutinho, 1995, p, 380). 2.1.1 Tourism promotion in Traditional Media In general, the concept of traditional media is opposite idea of social media (Bruhn, Schoenmueller Schafer, 2012, p, 770). In addition, according to studies provided by Hsu, Killion, Brown, Gross and Huang (2008, p, 302) indicated that traditional media consist by television, film, radio, magazines, newspapers and other print materials. These various forms of traditional media play different roles in tourism promotion. For instance, advertisements are regarded as significant form among tourism promotion. Tourism advertisements are available in different traditional media platforms, such as newspapers, magazines and television (Gunn Var, 2002, p, 57). According to previous research from Hsu, et al (2008, p, 302) asserted, advertising in newspaper, which is seen as the low-cost promotional way. Despite the feature of low-cost, Leckenby (2005, p, 24) asserted, newspapers provide wide reach. As a result many tourism organizations prefer this form as the channel of promotion. Furthermo re, compared with advertising in newspaper, advertising in television is more expensive. According to Hsu, et, al (2008, p, 304) point out that a television advertisement can achieve national exposure and reach a large proportion of the population if it is shown several times during prime-time shows over a number of weeks. It clear that advertising in television is traditional and significant tourism promotional way. Additionally, tourism television advertisements are also regarded as the important channel of national tourism campaign in the past few years (Hall, 2007, p, 181). Additionally, tourism brochures are one of common tourism promotional ways. Based on a literature review, Hsu, et al (2008, p, 298) assert Brochures and other printed materials play a more significant role in tourism than in most other industries. It is clear that brochures, as printed media, play a key role in tourism promotion. In addition, because of other forms of media are expensive for promotion, advertising in brochures is more popular forms of promotion in travel and tourism (Rozier-Rich Santos, 2011, p, 395). Furthermore, from the research of Andereck (2005, p, 8) assert brochures is an influential source of travel information for tourists. In addition, a variety of researchers exist which show brochure is one of significant and widely of promotional method available in tourism industry (Holloway Plant, 1988; Wicks Schuett, 1991, p, 301). With rapid development of Information and Communication Technologies, according to previous researchers, Andereck (2005, p, 3) suggeste d travel brochures continue being the main promotional tool for many places or tourism business which does not have the necessary economic, human, technical or structural resources for spreading information in a more complex or sophisticated way. However, similar to researches put forth by Andereck (2005), Hsu et al (2008, p, 311) argued that if tourism brochures have not been chose appropriate ways to attract attention from customers, and distributed to the improper destinations, brochures are going to be ineffective. As a result, despite printing tourism brochures, many organizations using website to promote their products and services. Moreover, according to Gunn and Var (2002, p, 57) claim of great aid in promoting tourism is the recent explosion in the use of the Internet and electronic business. It seems that the Internet might be seen as a challenge to tourism brochures. Furthermore, in some studies found that films as a tourism tool, which play an active role in tourism industry. Riley and Doren (1991, p, 267) point out that movies become pull factors (attraction) situated in push locations (tourism generating areas). Via films, which can attract tourists to travel as well as cultivate familiarity feeling of tourists toward destinations. From the beginning of 1980s, for example, Australian government used movies as promotional tool. In 1986, the movie Crocodile Dundee released, which express Australian bush culture and laconic Australian identity. Additionally, when the film Australian released, which encourage more international visitors to Australia (Beeton, 2004, p, 131). Therefore, Australia is an appropriate example to analysis movie as a tourism promotion tool. Currently, a large number of studies focus on using tourism brochures, advertising and films to promote tourism business. In addition, little research has pay attention on the impact of Internet for tourism promotion. However, tourism promotion in traditional media existed some problems. For example, traditional media platforms are difficult to attract and capture the attention of target customers on the one hand. On the other hand, the process of update and transmit information is ineffective, such as advertising in newspapers and television, the content need to repeat several times might be attracted attention from target customers or travelers. According to the studies produced by Stern (1995, p, 127, cited in Leckenby, 2005, p, 5) claimed, traditional media, such as television, is a passive and time-constrained media. With rapid development of network communications, social media is gradually effect in many industries. It seems that social media are increasingly replacing traditi onal media (Bruhn, et al, 2012, p, 771). In addition, many scholars pay more attention on promotion in marketing area. However, few studies show a concern on how to use social media, which play a key roe in promotion, to promoting tourism. 2.2

Sonnet 50 :: essays research papers

William Shakespeare's "Sonnet 50" ,on first read, is the story of a man on a sad journey, leaving a loved one and riding a horse that seems more reluctant to go than he does. Upon second evaluation one must ask, why would it pain the horse to leave? The answer is that the horse represents the writers heart. The trudging journey in the sonnet is a metaphor for the speakers grief and pain of parting with someone he loves. In stanzas 1-4, the speaker's problem is brought to light. For some unknown reason, the speaker cannot be with his friend any longer and must move on. He says that his journey's end will be when he can say to himself with no pain, "Thus far the miles are measur'd from thy friend!" If he can reach that point, his grief will truly be over. The beast that he rides, which would most likely be a horse, is introduced in stanzas 5-8. The horse "plods" along slowly as if, "by some instinct" it knows that the speaker doesn't really want to leave. The speaker "lov'd not speed, being made from thee." "Thee" refers to the person the speaker is parting with. The horse is, in a sense, the speaker's heart, reluctant to keep moving, although it must bear his grief. The speaker, in stanzas 9-12, frequently gets frustrated and tries to force himself on, as shown by the "bloody spur" which indicates repeated use. The groan that the beast makes from the spurring is "more sharp to me[the speaker] than spurring to his[the beast's] side". The more the speaker tries to force himself along, the worse his pain. Knowing this, in stanzas 13-14, the speaker says, "My grief lies onward, and my joy behind." He is leaving what makes him happy, therefore, he will be sad.

Dykeman Article Essay

Imagine studying divorce and the effects it has upon children. These kids act out as a result of aggression for many reasons, which include guilt, attention from the parents, and the inability to maintain a long-term relationship. They have lifelong issues, and do require some form of counseling, whether it is in the school or with social services in their state. According to the article, these youngsters and parents were subjects in a study to help determine how to help them through this transition in their life, and to help them become high functioning both in the school and home. What was found in the article is quite significant. According to an article in Newsweek, Peg Tyre believed that children, â€Å"feel strongly and intensely that their parents are polar opposites, even if they don’t fight. They feel they must take care of their parents rather than be taken care of. They feel loss and anger. They also feel their spiritual life is damaged because God’s image as a parent is painful for them† (2005). Dykeman agreed by saying that divorce effects a child’s emotional well-being and self-esteem as well can give them anxiety, depression, guilt, and at times aggression (2003). However, Heubusch says in regards to Stewarts study, â€Å"But it’s particularly damaging for children under age 9, and for children who are drawn directly into the hostility. There is a very direct relationship between children’s psychological well-being and that of their parents. When separation and divorce enhance parents’ well-being in very straightforward and direct ways, it’s reasonable to expect that children will benefit from the improvement† (1998). In regards to the research finding presented in the article, they are worth noting as well. Here is what they found. One, pre-referral intervention reduces the quantity of students put into a special education class for aggressiveness. Two, the school counselor plays a vital role in helping these students and families with coping in regards to divorce. Three, conflict theory is important in handling out aggression in children, who are going through divorce because it can help with problem solving skills, few incidents of hostility, and home behavior effects school behavior (Dykeman, 2003). However during the study, the researchers found that the child had more reasoning during that time period, according to â€Å"t(14) = 4. 294, p < . 01† (Dykeman, 2003). Another is that the child learned is that a decrease in verbal aggression as seen with â€Å"t(14) = 3. 623, p < . 01† (Dykeman, 2003). The researcher did experience limitations and assumptions with the study as it relates to statistics. Some limitations include that the researchers were not able to follow up as frequently after six months, such as a monthly basis. However, a decrease was found amongst the six month treatment to follow up in regards to verbal aggression by 3. 87, whereas prior it was 4. 87 times (Dykeman, 2003). Another significant finding is that prior to treatment, the child used physical aggression 1. 73 times, but afterwards, during the follow up, it was 1. 33 times. Another, is that teachers and researchers are subjective in their viewpoint, which can show up in a study as well. All students were required to partipate in their first semester of the school year. Many of them completed intervention within two months, but by the end of the school time had much improvement, which was seen by a 5. 40, and indicates improvement by â€Å"p < . 05† (Dykeman, 2003). The researchers, then assumed, that an â€Å"increased use of reasoning and reduced use of verbal aggression corresponded to improved behaviors in the classroom† (Dykeman, 2003). Another investigator also agrees with this issue by saying, â€Å"Most felt that they should have been consulted about visitation and dual residence decisions during the divorce† (Siatis, 1997). This study showed that making assumptions about what has happened in a child’s life are at times beneficial because it helps them study in more depth ways to help them through their ordeal. The individuals can become subjective, but in their study, it showed a lot of objectivity, and what Dykeman did actually worked both for the children and school setting by teaching them the necessary skills possible to cope with their divorce situation in the home. Last, no evidence is shown of the parents involvement with their children because they too would have impacted the study on how they have coped, whether it was positive or negative. All the reader finds out is about mainly the researchers and the teachers. This too can hinder the results of a study by not including everyone that had a part in the family, who was going through the divorce. Children learn best when taught ways to cope with divorce. The Dyekman study proves that it can occur, especially with pre-treatment and follow up. These individuals were taught ways to reason, which was probably changing their negative thinking to positive at the time too. The students’ teachers were also involved by giving observations in the classroom in regards to improvement or not, which also made a difference in how he or she completed their school work, and acted in the home, which is an excellent positive result. This gave the study a third party involved in monitoring the behavior of the kids, which made an optimistic outcome for everyone involved. References Dykeman, B. F. (March 2003). The Effects of Family Conflict Resolution on Children’s Classroom Behavior. Journal of Instructional Psychology . Heubusch, K. (1998, January). Divorced From Reality. Retrieved February 2009, 23, from Gale: Siatis, P. C. (1997, Augusst). Divorce Has Lasting Effects on Children, Study Says. Retrieved February 2009, 23, from Gale Group: . Tyre, P. (2005, October 24). Fast Chat: The Secret Pain of Divorce. Retrieved February 23, 2009, from Gale: http://find. galegroup. com/ips/start. do? prodId=IPS

La Chteau Versailles essays

La Chteau Versailles essays In 1669 a quaint hunting lodge a few miles outside of Paris was designated to become one of the grandest, most beautiful, and most elaborate castles that the world has ever seen. The Palace Versailles helped to establish King Louis XIV as a Grand Monarch, and was the rule with which other palaces were measured. The single act of creation on the part of Louis XIV propelled him into the annals of history as not only a great leader and politician, but an accomplished architect as well. Versailles stands today as a testament of the grandeur and audacity of the Baroque period in European history, and its lasting affect on our modern day. La Chteau Versailles was a mammoth work of a cross between classical and baroque styles. Its exterior is decorated in very classical styling, but its sheer magnitude displays its ties to the Baroque period of art and architecture. The style in which it was constructed was surely nothing new to the people of France, what was distinct about it was the size. If Versailles had been 100 meters wide instead of nearly six times that, it would have simply been another chateau. But because of its size the Palace Versailles has become one of the most studied and beloved palaces in the world. It is a singular example of the Frenchs ability to meld to seemingly opposite ideas into one magnificent piece of architecture. Was it necessary for the king to create such a palace? It really is funny that the king saw the need to construct such a spectacle. It was well known that his construction of the palace was in a desire to show his enemies and critics that he was all powerful. Louis XIV was, at the time of construction, one of the most powerful men on earth. Yet in what would seem to be an almost paranoid state of mind he designed and ordered the building of a palace so large in scale that it would leave little doubt in anyones mind whom the king truly was. The idea that possession is power is...

Cloudstreet by Tim Winton.

Cloudstreet by Tim Winton. The values and attitudes endorsed by a novel can best be identified through an examination of its conclusion and this is evident in the novel Cloudstreet by Tim Winton. Through close analysis of its conclusion, it can be seen that the main values and attitudes within and towards various concepts such as family, place and reconciliation presented in Cloudstreet, as a whole, are endorsed quite comprehensively in the closure of the text. Using particular techniques of characterisation, theme and narrative structure, these values and attitudes are made evident in the exposition of the text, where the characters have other values, and throughout the development, where the characters go through a life changing process, leading up to the conclusion, of which the characters realise the importance of these concepts.The concept of family is evidently valued in the conclusion of Cloudstreet. The novel endorses the importance of family and how the unity of family members can be rewarding as well as comforting.My sister and her baby.While some of the characters value complex structures of living, such as Oriel's value of hard work, Cloudstreet highlights that these structures of living cannot replace the joys, love and security experienced within family life. This importance of family togetherness can be identified within the conclusion of the novel, where the Pickles and Lambs are having a picnic together 'by the river'. They are happy, dancing and 'dizzy with laughter', embraced with an abundant supply of food of which Winton describes expressively, "Out of the crates come hams, cold chickensa jar of anchovies and a vat of pickled onions."(pg 422). The atmosphere of the family picnic is rather blissful, "But here, here by the river, the beautiful, the beautiful, the river, the Lambs and the Pickleses are lighting up the morning like a dream" (pg 423),

Cognitive development theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Cognitive development theory - Essay Example There are two perspectives in adult cognitive development. These are contextual and dialectical thinking. Dialectical thinking is shown, by reasoning and discussion, to create a meaning of the complexities and contradictions adults has to deal continually with them. It holds that dialectical sense thinking enables acceptance of alternative ways or truths of thinking on similar phenomena, which, in everyday life, abounds. Dialectical thinking involves a process of logical thought through which adults can take what, on the surface, may seem contradictory positions. Contextual approach shows how cultural, social, political and economic forces play a role in shaping adult thinking development (Dunkel & Sefcek, n.d). This approach argues that the contextual factors may constitute what affects cognitive development of an adult. I carried an interview on a respondent who showed various issues. I asked questions such as what is your name? How old are you? Have you a spouse? Do you have a hou se? Do you have problems paying fees? Do you drink? Do you have children? The respondent was 30 years and was married. He lived in a rented house and claimed that he had not enough income to settle his expenses including rent, electricity bill and payment of school fees. He also confessed that he occasionally did drink. I had to analyze this situation using contextual approach in order to understand my client. My client had issues in learning which were due to the situation he was undergoing. He could not concentrate because his focus shifted from time to time on the problems he was facing. Such a person needs help in learning to concentrate on issues at hand. I advised him to learn to avoid the thoughts about his problems whenever they came as he engaged other activities. While taking a contextual approach one should consider these social, economic, political and cultural factors rather than taking chronological factors as guiding tools for comparison. Contextual approach would arg ue consideration of contextual factors that have influenced behaviors rather than just evaluating behavior on its surface. Contextual approach plays a critical role in understanding issues and life events in a person’s life. Background, including family of origin, school, friends and place where raised determines the thinking pattern of an individual. For instance, an adult may be truant because of influence from peers. Family situation and a person’s age are also contextual factors that determine an individual’s decisions. For example, a married individual would take different courses from that of unmarried one. When a person reaches some age, he or she would like to act in some way according to what applies most to that stage. Consideration of prior and current learning experiences is a factor worth considering. An individual who has undergone formal learning would not act the same way as one who has not. An individual undergoing formal learning at present suc h as a college student will make decisions mostly as per his or her status quo. For instance, a woman would choose not to have children until she finishes her degree education. Similarly, a young adult man might not marry until he has employment in order to get some economic stability. Current life issues also play a role in an individual’s thinking. An individual experiencing adverse social issues may resort to certain behaviors in order to get relieve. For instance, a person can resort to drinking in an attempt to do away with disturbing thoughts. Past life issues and how the individual confronted them also matter in this case. Lifespan Ego Development Erikson’

The Strategy Virgin Group Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

The Strategy Virgin Group - Case Study Example The ownership group of the company believed that the normal pressures of the shareholders for instant results along with the added cost associated with the reporting requirement of institutions such as the London Stock Exchange (LSD) inhibit the ability of the company to grow. Due to the fact that the company was kept private, the firm has been able to keep basic accounting numbers of its operation without the rigorous requirement accounting frameworks such as GAAP or IFRS required. The management of the company established a business strategy for its conglomerate group based on the assumption that its brand would be able to captivate the domestic customers due to the fact the Virgin brand represents quality and value. The Group’s ambition caused the firm to penetrate industries it should have not to such as the train travel industry. The firm believes that one of its primary business sectors that helped the company build brand value is its airlines' operations. The overall st rategy of the group so far has worked, but due to market changes, the firm must adjust its long-term strategy to meet the customer requirements of its clientele.

Personal encounter with nature (animals) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Personal encounter with nature (animals) - Essay Example It was an animal with black and white spots that tensed up. However, I had learnt some tips of how to react when one encounters a leopard. According to Schneier (n.d), if one encounters a leopard, the individual should avoid gazing at the animal and run to safety. It is also wise not to disturb or jump over its laid tail. I moved to the sideways of the path to avoid contact with the animal. Leopards are sensitive and react swiftly to the prey. Therefore, the animal raised its tail and walked ahead of my path through the bush and laid its tail again. I did not attempt to chase the animal away or scream for help since it would make the leopard uneasy and attack me. I walked shivering to the gate of my home and avoided any contact with the leopard. It was a great relief getting to door of my house safely. I learnt that when in an encounter with leopards, being cautious and relaxed is always mandatory. An individual can fall a prey to the animal if they attack the animal. However, the animal can also provide protection if handled carefully since they are part of nature. Schneier, Bruce. Dont Look a Leopard in the Eye, and Other Security Advice. Retrieved on 20 Feb 2014 from http://www.wired.com/politics/security/commentary/securitymatters/2007/05/securitymatters_0531?currentPage=all Wired